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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the first option for treating ADHD. They have a long history of a robust response, a high tolerance and safety across the entire life span. However, it's important to find the right medication and dosage that relieves your or your child's symptoms without causing side effects. This usually requires many trials and trial and open dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are drugs which increase the activity of the central nervous system. Students athletes, artists, workers and other people use these drugs to improve their performance and cognitive abilities. They are also used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. They also treat binge eating disorder, and some anxiety disorders. Amphetamines, methylphenidates and other stimulant medications are among the most frequently used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in both prolonged-release and immediate-release formulations. Immediate-release pills are usually taken every 4 hours. They can trigger a sudden, short-term decrease in energy, referred to as a crash after they are worn off. The crash can result in severe cravings, mood swings and fatigue. Instant-release medications can also raise heart rate and blood pressure for some people, particularly those who don't eat enough. Extended-release medications are designed to release active ingredients over 8-16 hours. medication for adult adhd of medication may be prescribed by a doctor when you're looking for long-lasting symptoms control without taking tablets several times per day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate medications. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch called Daytrana that adheres to the skin as a band-aid and lasts all day. This kind of medication is usually prescribed to adults with ADHD who require a daily dose that lasts longer than the immediate-release alternatives. Stimulant medication doesn't solve ADHD, but they can help manage symptoms by enhancing the way that neurons in the brain communicate with one other. By blocking or binding their receptors, they can alter the level of neurotransmitters, like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This allows more neurotransmitters be released, and aids in ensuring that messages between neurons are more effectively sent and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors may prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. The majority of the antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD alter the levels of norepinephrine dopamine and serotonin in your brain. One class, referred to as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, is a great option for those suffering from anxiety or depression, too. These drugs are typically combined with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Your doctor may switch between stimulant and a non-stimulant medication in the event that your current medication isn't working or has an unacceptably adverse effects. Long-acting Between 70 and 80percent of children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They help reduce symptoms such as fidgeting, talking over others, and losing focus in conversations or tasks. They also help improve social skills and job performance. Stimulant medications start working once they pass through the blood-brain barrier which takes about 45 to 60 minutes. They increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels between brain cells, which reduces the impulsivity and hyperactivity. A stimulant drug that is FDA-approved uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate, (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). Stimulants may cause side effects such as nausea or loss of appetite, as well as increased blood pressure. They can also trigger headaches and anxiety. They can also make tics worse and trigger sleep problems in certain people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) are effective throughout the night and day unlike the short-acting drugs that only last several hours. They also aid in other conditions such as anxiety or depression. These medications work by changing how your body regulates monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine inside the brain, along with other neurotransmitters. These chemicals remain in the body for longer if not broken down. This can affect your behavior and thinking. Long-acting medications can have fewer adverse effects. Your doctor will prescribe smaller doses, which you can take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available in extended-release form that you can take every day. Some adults might prefer this method however, it is important to keep in mind to take your stimulants each day. Other medications have been found to be effective in treating many adults suffering from ADHD such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are generally prescribed to treat anxiety or depression but can be prescribed for ADHD. Around 70% of people react to these drugs. Bupropion, also known as Wellbutrin is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was proven to be more effective in a controlled trial than placebos. These medications can cause serious adverse effects, including the ringing of ears anxiety, changes in heart, vision and lung function. Short-acting Stimulant medications work to reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These are two chemicals that aid people in focusing and regulate their behavior. These drugs are available in different forms and each has its own brand, such as Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two main types of stimulant medicines amphetamines and methylphenidates. They all have similar effects, however their duration of action varies. The methylphenidates produce a less lasting effect, lasting as long as three hours. Amphetamines on the contrary on the other hand, have a longer-lasting impact. Some people are better in their ability to take long-acting stimulant medication than those that use short-acting drugs, so your doctor may prescribe this kind of drug. It is crucial to know everything you can about the drug and its possible side effects, the best dosage, how often it should be taken, and any warnings specific to the medication that should be heeded. This will make it easier to collaborate with your doctor in determining the appropriate medication and dose for you. It is important to understand that these medications can have certain negative side effects, such as problems sleeping or a loss of appetite. If these happen you should talk to your doctor about adjusting the dosage or trying another drug. Adults suffering from ADHD who don't respond to stimulants well are treated with non-stimulant drugs. These medications take longer to effect but they improve the capacity to pay attention and to manage impulses. These drugs may be prescribed either alone or in combination. The first of these is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) It is a stimulant of norepinephrine and dopamine in the prefrontal brain which regulates behavior. Another is the guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) that belongs to a class of drugs called alpha agonists. These drugs work by blocking the reuptake process and increasing the amount of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was created to treat high blood pressure but has also been shown to help people with ADHD. Combinations There are a variety of combinations of drugs used by those with ADHD. These include stimulants and depressant-type drugs such as clonidine and guanfacine. These drugs can influence a calming effect on the brain and help reduce symptoms such as sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They also prevent the onset of withdrawal from stimulants. However, this combination could be risky if utilized correctly. Combining two stimulants at same time increases the risk of developing serotonin syndrome, which is a drug emergency that occurs when the body is overloaded with much serotonin. This combination can also increase blood pressure and heart rate. The risks of taking this medication are more pronounced for those who have pre-existing conditions like high blood pressure or heart disease. Combinations of stimulants are more and more being used by teenagers and young adults. These drugs, which are available in pharmacies, are sometimes called “legal highs”. They are also available on the black market. These substances can be dangerous particularly when they are combined with alcohol or other substances. This is known as polydrug use, and can be very dangerous. Mixing drugs can cause dangerous and unpredictable consequences, such as an increased heart rate, slowed breathing, hallucinations, paranoia seizures, and addiction. A study showed that combination therapy was more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD. Combining medication increased compliance and allowed patients to achieve more symptom relief than monotherapy. However there were many patients who stopped their treatment because of side effects. In a few cases the medication was stopped due to sleep issues or worsening tics. This could be the result of a poor diagnosis, or a lack of access to medication. Nonstimulants are a different treatment option for ADHD. These medications help improve attention span and impulse control However, they don't perform like stimulants do. They are also less likely to inhibit growth and affect appetite. Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD however, they are less likely of enhancing concentration and focus. Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be used together to achieve superior results than either on its own. Combining these two drugs improved adherence and reduced side effects for most people. The combination proved effective for young adults and adolescents. This combination may be a viable solution for children with severe ADHD.